Provide both domestic and international training in biomedical and behavioral research on HIV.

Meeting the needs of research on HIV/AIDS requires recruiting and training basic, clinical, and behavioral scientists in the United States and abroad in the many disciplines necessary to carry out this diverse scientific agenda.

1. Maintain pre-doctoral and post-doctoral training, as well as advanced research training, in a range of AIDS-related disciplines.
2. Sponsor an annual AIDS Fellows Meeting to promote collaboration and information dissemination.
3. Support training of scientists and clinical investigators in basic AIDS research to better link basic and clinical pathogenesis research.
4. Stimulate pre-doctoral and post-doctoral training in prevention, behavior change, and adherence and compliance to treatment.
5. Promote training of biomedical and behavioral scientists in the use of high-performance computing systems for HIV-related research.
6. Support training and research capacity to deal with the epidemic of tuberculosis (TB), including multiple drug resistance associated with HIV infection.
7. Maintain participation in the Fogarty International Center (FIC)-sponsored international training and research programs and expand these programs by recruiting trainees from additional countries in Asia and Latin America, with the long-term goal of providing AIDS-related training for leading health scientists from all developing countries.
8. Explore new grant mechanisms to link U.S. AIDS research scientists and institutions with leading AIDS research scientists and institutions in foreign countries.
9. Support both pre-doctoral and post-doctoral training in structural biology. Support the NIH AIDS Loan Repayment Program to bring scientists and physicians to the NIH to expand the cadre of trained intramural researchers.
10. Support both pre- and post-doctoral domestic and international AIDS-related training in epidemiology, biostatistics, and behavioral methodologies.
11. Establish appropriate career training programs for laboratory investigators, clinical investigators, and translational scientists (i.e. making the transition from bench to patient).
12. Support training of investigators in applied immunobiology.
13. Support training of basic investigators, clinical investigators, and translational investigators for OI research.
14. Support training of basic investigators, clinical investigators, and translational scientists for research on malignancies in HIV-infected patients.
15. Collaborate with other PHS agencies in the development of training regarding HIV prevention, treatment, research, and education for health care providers, AIDS service providers, and health educators.

Establish appropriate infrastructure for the conduct of HIV research domestically and internationally.

The conduct of HIV research in the United States and abroad requires establishment of infrastructure to carry out this research program, including facilities and instrumentation, computers, data communications, laboratories, and animal colonies.

1. Support facilities to study animal models of pediatric AIDS.
2. Foster animal models to study HIV-related malignancies.
3. Support the Research Facilities Infrastructure Program (RFI) and General Clinical Research Centers (GCRC) Program.
4. Support use of the National Research and Education Network (NREN) for national and international collaboration and data communications.
5. Provide for expansion of breeding facilities to ensure the adequate supply of species of emerging importance, e.g. M. nemestrina.
6. Provide NCRR animal model support tied to needs of basic research grants.
7. Provide for the long-term support of advanced in-country research and research infrastructure in those developing countries participating in efficacy trials of candidate HIV vaccines and other priority intervention research.
8. Develop and support animal models predictive of human behavior, specifically, models of non-human primate behavior of impaired impulse control and risk-taking.
9. Support laboratory and biocontainment facilities for primate research.
10. Support the Internet connections program at health sciences centers and hospitals for research and patient care.
11. Establish and support repositories of samples obtained from individuals with HIV infection for current and future studies.
12. Increase support for screening the development of HIV macaque monkey models. Develop and support Regional Primate Research Center (RPRC) expertise in molecular immunology, peptide biochemistry, and pharmacology.
13. Provide for the establishment of specific pathogen-free (SPF) non-human primate programs at all the RPRCs.
14. Provide further support for the development of SPF macaque colonies.

All populations.

Researchers, clinicians, community and patient representatives, and NIH-affiliated advisory councils and committees.